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Why Internet mail gets out of control and how to avoid going postal (continued)
One maxim of capacity planning is that a server should be sized, or a network engineered, to accommodate the peaks rather then the averages. In other words, if messaging statistics tell us that there are 50,000 email messages per day to and from the Internet and, for example, we anticipated that peak traffic would be 200% of average then we have to engineer a system that could handle a peak of approximately 3.5 MPS (messages per second) given an 8 hour day. What that means for servers and networks depends on the email technologies involved, the number of recipients per message, and of course the sizes of the messages themselves.
Table A is an example model for network traffic projection.
| Measure |
Number |
Units |
| Number of users (theoretical) |
2,500 |
users |
| Total messages per day sent and received per user |
20 |
Messages (est.) |
| Percentage of all messages to and from Internet |
5.00% |
of messages |
| Internet messages per day sent and received |
2,500 |
messages |
| Number of recipient domains per outbound message |
1.5 |
recipients |
| Additional outbound messages for multiple recipients |
625 |
messages |
| Internet messages per day sent and received |
3,125 |
messages |
| Average size of messages to and from Internet |
67 |
KB |
| Total message bytes transferred daily |
209 |
MB |
| TCP/IP, DNS, SMTP, protocol and transmission error overhead |
10.00% |
overhead |
| Total bytes transferred |
230 |
MB |
| Length of business day (excluding overlapping time zone hours) |
16 |
hours |
| Network traffic to and from the Internet |
2.35 |
MB |
| Number of time zones |
5 |
time zones |
| Number of overlapping time zone peaks |
2 |
| Average network traffic |
32 |
Kbps |
| Peak network traffic is n% of average |
300.00% |
of average |
| High average network traffic with non-overlapping time zone peaks |
96 |
Kbps |
| Peak network traffic for overlapping time zone peaks |
134 |
Kbps |
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